Everything about Lan Vital totally explained
» For other meanings, see Elan Vital
Élan vital, coined by
French philosopher Henri Bergson in his
1907 book
Creative Evolution, was translated in the English edition as "vital impetus", but is usually translated by his detractors as "vital force". It is a hypothetical explanation for
evolution and
development of
organisms, which Bergson linked closely with consciousness. It was the existence of this vital force, which made people at that time believe that they were not able to synthesize organic molecules.
It was believed by others that this essence (
élan vital) could be harvested and embedded into an inanimate substance and activated with electricity, perhaps taking literally another of Bergson's metaphorical descriptions, the "current of life". The
British biologist Julian Huxley remarked that Bergson’s
élan vital is no better an explanation of life than is explaining the operation of a railway engine by its
élan locomotif ("locomotive driving force"). However, Huxley himself subscribed to the notion of an
élan vital as may be seen from the following excerpt:
J. Huxley papers
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A distant precursor of Bergson can be found in the work of the pre-Christian
Stoic philosopher
Posidonius, who postulated a "vital force" emanated by the sun to all living creatures on the earth's surface. The concept of
élan vital is very similar to
Schopenhauer's concept of the will-to-live.
The French philosopher
Gilles Deleuze attempted to recoup the novelty of Bergson's idea in his book
Bergsonism, though the term itself underwent substantial changes by Deleuze. No longer considered a
mystical, elusive force acting on brute matter, as it was in the
vitalist debates of the late
19th century,
élan vital in Deleuze's hands denotes a substance in which the distinction between organic and inorganic matter is indiscernible, and the emergence of life undecidable.
Some movie critics have likened Bergsonian theory of the
élan vital as an influence on
George Lucas or as a source on which he could have possibly based his ideas of
The Force in his
Star Wars saga. The way
Obi-wan Kenobi explains The Force to Luke in the 1977 movie is particularly fitting as it's the almost
heterodox vison of The Force mantained by Obi-wan's mentor
Qui-Gon Jinn.
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